For this reason, while many reports have discussed the mechanisms, behavior and potential benefits of mechanochromic materials 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, there are few examples of specific applications 20, 21, 22, 23. Given that the properties of mechanochromic materials are altered by mechanical stimuli, these treatments are critical problems hindering the application of the materials not only in inkjet printing but also in other areas. Inkjet printing requires micronization and homogenization of the material to be printed. Owing to its simplicity, low cost, and ease of application, inkjet printing has been studied in various fields, printable devices 5, 6, 7, including transistors 8, OLEDs 9, supercapacitors 10, and biomedical engineering 11. Inkjet printing technology offers a way to solve this problem, because it can print desired patterns without wasteful loss of material. Although solution-based coating methods are advantageous for printed electronics, the above methods waste much of the solution containing a dissolved material. For those applications, thin films must be prepared by vacuum deposition or solution fabrication processes such as spin coating, deposition coating, and bar coating. Mechanochromic materials are expected to be applied in pressure sensing, display devices, and recording media owing their responsiveness to mechanical pressure 1, 2, 3, 4. This report describing the control of mechanochromism and its specific application is expected to contribute to broadening the mechanochromic materials research field. It was confirmed that the inkjet-printed pattern demonstrated visual color changes between yellow and green in response to mechanical pressure and alcohol. Also, ink containing FA particles was prepared and examined for physical properties such as viscosity and surface tension.
For use in inkjet printing, minute particles of FA obtained by bead milling in ethanol were investigated for uniformity and size by scanning electron microscopy and gas adsorption measurement. This phenomenon suggests that the mechanochromism of FA can be controlled using alcohol. Alcohol inhibits the color change induced by mechanical stimulation because the mechanochromism of FA is based on a conformational change in its molecular structure. Fluorenylidene-acridane (FA) exhibits ground-state mechanochromism with visual color changes and responds not only to mechanical pressure but also to alcohol. Inkjet printing is a useful solution deposition method for electronics, but materials must be processed to be suitable for an inkjet printer. In mechanochromic material research, a serious problem is that mechanical treatment cannot be applied to the materials because of their responsiveness to stimuli.
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